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General
Interest Articles |
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Golubchikov,
Y.N. THE North
according to Russian Geostrategy |
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Present day Russian North
displays all indications of transferring not only to a zero
growth of the D.Medous Model, but also to the "negative
growth" programs of the Green parties in many countries.
In the process of development of those territories, there
are reserves
of human sliding from the "Malthusian Trap". The
issue of the necessity of depopulation of Russia's northern
territories is debated and their
agricultural mastering at the the turn of the XX century
is examined. Advancement of agriculture to the North is
considered an important aspect of the solution to the
problem of food shortage in the country. The proposed
idea of agricultural advancement presents the challenge of
finding specific areas for the production of ecologically
pure products. For Russia, this idea possesses a geostrategic
value as well. |
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Golubchikov,
S. THE Arctic Vector of Russian Development |
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This article is devoted to
geopolitocal aspects of development of Russisn Arctic today.
The article was prepared in March, 2000 for President Putin's
speech presented before the State Commette of
Development of Russia. The future
of the country depends on the economic situation of
the North that occupies 3\4 of the territory of Russia.
About 70 % of currency
in state budget is acquired by Northern development.
Prospective development of
Rissian North (the Far East, Siberia, and the Arctic) relies
on the contribution of foreign investment, especially from countries
in the Asia-Pacific region. |
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Koreisha,
M.M. Kolguev
Island |
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Presents a description of
the Kolguev island: climate, relief, hydrographic nature, geological
structure, hydro-geological conditions, permafrost,
underground ice, cryogenic processes and formations.
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More
Articles from other sites... |
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Ice,
Permafrost and Frozen Ground Articles |
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Aksenov,
V.I., Guevorkyan, S.G., Cleenova, G.I. The
deformation of the Yamal peninsula ice - bearing
frozen soils |
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The
deformation of the Yamal ice-bearing frozen
soils is discussed. The empirically obtained
parameters of deformation of most most ice-bearing
frozen soils in the thermal range are from -20C to
-60C are presented. An empirical formula for
calculating the viscosity of ice-bearing
frozen soils is proposed. The new empirial
reological equation for the most ice-bearing
frozen soils is presented. |
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Badu,
Y.B. The
composition, state, and properties of Kainozoi
deposits of the northern part of the Western
Siberian lowland |
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Located
within the limits of the northern part of the
Western Siberian lowland are the two largest oil
and gas bearing fields - Kharasaway and Yamburg.
Geocryological and cryolythological complex study
was executed in the time period of 1980-1984 on
both fields. A substantial amount of
geocryological information was obtained, allowing
to analyze the variability of geocryological
conditions of the territories. The obtained data
was employed for economical and effective mining
of these areas. The wide progression of thick
low-temperature stratas of permafrost soils forced
the researchers to conduct comprehensive studies
of such processes as natural deviation of
structure, to examine the conditions and
properties of rocks, as well as to study the
effects of artificial temperature and
mechanics on soils bearing wells. The
purpose of the studies was to supply an
effective operation mode for the development
of wells. The results of field and laboratory
studies demonstrate that the division of
permafrost soil stratas in the northern part of
the Western Siberian table differs by essential
complexities geological and geocriological
formation. From this stand point, a more detailed
clarification of geocryological conditions on each
field is required. |
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Iacumin,
P., Nikolaev, V. and Ramigni, M. Paleoenvironmental
reconstruction by means of isotopic studies of the
Late Pleistocene megafauna in Northern Eurasia |
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Stable isotope
investigations of collagen in mammalian bones (d15N, d13C), and
carbonate hydroxylapatite (d13C) of mammalian skeletal remains
from 17 fossiliferous sites of Northern Eurasia as well as
radiocarbon dating of mammoths' bones, etc. were realized.
Results were interpreted in terms of paleoenvironment. |
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Himenkov,
A. and Sheshin, Y. MASSIVE
ICE: ORIGIN AND APPROCHES TO CLASSIFICATION |
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A characteristic feature
of Arctic coasts is the presence of massive ice. Authors
suggest a solution to the problem of formation of massive ice
based on definition of the conditions of water accumulation
(in various forms) in local zones of soil mass, and on the
basis of definition of genetic mechanisms. It is known that
the massive ice can be formed in modern conditions.
Formation of massive ice as a result of burial of glacial
ice by sea deposits is not theoretical, it follows from
natural conditions of Arctic Region. Existing classification
actually reduces the large variety of processes of formation
of massive ice to abstract models. It seems more prospective
to consider formation of ice as a part of sedimentation and
freezing of the certain genetic type of deposit. |
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Nikolaev,
V. and Fyodorov, V. Expedition
"Millenium" to South Pole (Oxygen
isotope investigation of Antarctic snow cover) |
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This paper presents the
distribution of average d18O values for the top 1,2-1,6m
surface snow for a large area of Antarctica. The samples
were collected on the International Expedition "Millennium"that
crossed the continent from Patriot Hills to South
Pole in January, 2000. The empirical relationships between
the d18O isotopes, temperature and elevation were computed.
The slope of d18O with respect to the surface temperature is
practically the same to the one observed by the 1990
International Trans-Antarctica Expedition. Calibration of
isotopic paleotermometer using Vostok bore hole temperatures
is required due to uncertainty of modern spatial gradients of
d18Osnow and temperature in Central Antarctica. |
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Parmuzin,
S.Y., Garagula, L.S., Ershov, E.D. and Khrustalev,
L.N. PROBLEMS
OF GEOCRYOLOGY AND GLOBAL CHANGES IN CLIMATE |
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The
influence of global changes of climate upon
cryolithozone is revealed. With
use of a scenario of global warming a quantitative
estimation of permafrost thawing for the territory of Russia
is made. The amount of potential thawing deposits in lowlands of Yakutia is calculated. It is shown that global
warming will affect the stability of buildings. |
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Poznanin,
V.L. SUSCEPTIBILITY
FOR EROSION IN THE PHYSICO-GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF
THE CRYOLITHOZONE |
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For the first time, the
erosion ability of the 12 reliefed processes in the plains of the northern
cryolithozone is presented.
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