Annals of Disasters, Periodicity & Predictions - Dangerous Terrestrial Processes & Disasters

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Dangerous Terrestrial Processes & Disasters

Climatology, (as do geology, biology, economics and sociology), has advocates of purely endogenous and exogenous hypotheses of cyclicity and the advent of dangerous events of varied genesis. In pure form they usually do not withstand criticism. The factual material supports the existence of external pulses taking part together with endogenous factors in the formation of natural, anthropogenic (economic, sociologic, technogenic) and mixed dangerous processes. Maximum damages are caused by dangerous processes of varied genesis in cities and megapolises.

Dangerous terrestrial processes and disasters:

Natural	Anthropogenic			Mixed Natural &
	Economic	Sociologic	Technogenic	Technogenic
Biologic	Sharp drop	Civil Unrest	Contamination	Construction
Climatic	Acute crisis	Terrorism	Industry	Mining
Geologic	Depression	Revolutions	Transportation	Fire
Slope processes	Stagnation at high level	Wars	Information	Reservoir

Natural Terrestrial Processes and Disasters

Natural terrestrial processes can be conditionally divided on biologic, climatic, geologic, and slope processes. The last ones depend on all previous processes. The extreme characteristics of the processes are causes of different disasters.

Natural terrestrial processes and disasters:

Biologic	Climatic	Geologic	Slope Processes

Viruses	Cold Waves	Earthquakes	Landslides
Bacterial	Heat Waves	Tsunami and Seiche	Glaciers
Epidemic	Drought	Volcanic Eruptions	Rock Glaciers
Pandemic	Floods	Lava Flows, Fires	Mudflows, Debris Flows
Mutation	Hurricanes	Hot Avalanches	Embankment Destruction
Biocycles	Storms	Ash and Gases	Snow Avalanches
Medical Problems	Tornadoes	Karst	Rockfalls
	Fires	Thermokarst	Solifluction
	Climate Change	Hydrates	Shore Destruction

Anthropogenic Disasters

Dangerous Economic Processes

Experiments sustain the existence of external primary signals, or those transformed in the space about the Earth, rather of an electromagnetic nature controlling human and biochemical activities. There are obvious and mysterious links among processes of different genesis.

For example, in the nineteenth century the rises and falls in the major Kondrat`ev�s economic cycles correspond to the anomalies of heightened and depressed temperature. These anomalies, through variations in bioproductivity, are directly linked with the economy. The same picture exists in the twentieth century too when the bioproductivity did not play an important role (see an example of prognoses). In the last century more important roles played the cycles of education, innovations and technical progress.

Dangerous Sociologic Processes

In the last century there were too many dangerous wars, revolutions, acts of civil unrest and terrorism. The dangerous permanently increases because nuclear, biological, chemical a. o. weapons become more powerful, but the world civilization get more sophisticated and fragile. The time for making decisions become too short.

The factual material supports the existence of external presumably electromagnetic pulses taking part together with endogenous factors in the formation of sociologic processes and cycles (see an example of prognoses). Natural electromagnetic signals may, at the same time, introduce errors into electronic informative and control systems. Therefore, international and national organizations should have more responsible schemes of making decisions related to safety..

Dangerous Technogenic Processes

All technogenic processes have several dangerous components linked with the different environmental contamination, with internal industrial operations, with the transportation of mass and energy, with transmission, transformation and keeping of information.

There are external primary signals or those transformed in the space about the Earth, rather of an electromagnetic nature partly controlling the rates of biochemical reactions and human activity. They may, at the same time, introduce errors into electronic control systems (see an example of prognoses). Therefore, some fail-safe systems must use alternative principles of regulating operations. The most serious attention must be paid to the problems of external field influences on the biotechnosphere, social and economic processes.

Sources of dangerous technogenic processes and disasters:

Contamination	Industry	Transportation	Information

Air	Electromechanical	Road	Wire Lines
Surface Water	Chemical	Railroads	Optic Lines
Ocean Water	Biological	Pipelines	Radio Waves
Ground Water	Radioactive	Electricity Lines	Computers
Soils	Fires	Ships, Ports	Hardware, Software
Geologic Medium Urban Landscape	Explosions Urban Industry	Planes, Airports Urban Transportation	Hackers Urban Information

Dangerous Terrestrial Processes and Disasters of Mixed Genesis

Combined dangerous processes take place when technogenic and natural objects, fields, and processes interact among themselves by unforeseen dangerous ways.

Dangerous terrestrial processes and disasters of mixed genesis:

Construction	Mining	Fire	Oceans, Reservoirs

Road and Landslides	Subsurface Waters and mines	Anthropogenic Arsons of Natural Objects:	Harbors, Dams and Earthquakes
Karst	Sparks inside rocks	Forests, Bushes	Ships & Hurricanes
Thermokarst	Blowouts	Oil- and Coal-Fields	Shoreline Forces
Subsidence and expansive soils	Gaseous Composition	Natural Arsons of Artificial Objects:	Dams, Dikes and Floods
Permafrost	Faults, Fractures	Lightning	Subsurface Waters
Earthquakes	Creep	Short Circuits	Fractures, Joints

Editor: Boris L. Berry (Berri), D.Sc.